![]() ![]() On the other hand, between 19 Picasso created “ Head of a Woman (Fernande)“, considered the first Cubist sculpture. That same year the Spanish painter Juan Gris joined Cubism. Picasso and Braque were joined by other painters such as Fernand Léger, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes and Robert Delaunay, who presented their works at the Salon des Indépendants in 1911, to little critical acclaim. The multiplicity of points of view, the almost monochrome composition, now totally devoid of perspective. In its first phase, the so-called analytical cubism (as it would later be called by the painter Juan Gris) makes clear some of the points already sketched in “ Les Demoiselles d’Avignon“. Cubism attacked this conception in a systematic way and has therefore been considered one of the most revolutionary artistic movements in the entire history of Western art” (Juan Antonio Ramírez: “Las Vanguardias Históricas: del Cubismo al Surrelismo”, 1996). Previous movements, from Impressionism to Fauvism, had made important advances in the study of the possibilities of painting, but “ despite the arbitrariness of colour, there was some degree of identity between the painted image and the image that the camera would have offered when confronted with the same subject. This joint work by Picasso and Braque gave rise to Cubism, the most decisive and innovative of the avant-garde movements, the one that definitively broke with the spatial conception present in Western painting from the Renaissance. But Georges Braque, a young painter who had hitherto moved between Post-Impressionism and Fauvism, overcame his initial misgivings and, taking an interest in the work and the possibilities it opened up, began to work with Picasso. Although the women’s faces are clearly indebted to the African art that Picasso had admired at the Trocadero that same year, the painting’s influences are complex, including the late works of Cézanne (his “Great Bathers” and the late views of the Sainte-Victoire mountain), Matisse’s “The Joy of Life”, and even El Greco’s “Vision of the Apocalypse”, which Picasso had admired in the studio of the painter Ignacio Zuloaga.Īs is often the case with innovative works, the painting was not well received initially, even -as has been mentioned- among avant-garde artists. In “ The Brothel of Avignon” (which, as many will have deduced, is the work now known by the less controversial name of “ Les Demoiselles d’Avignon”) there is no background or foreground, no trace of perspective, and the foreshortening of the five female characters makes it impossible to identify a single point of view, a sensation heightened by the total absence of light and shadow. In 1907, working in his modest studio in the Bateau-Lavoir, Pablo Picasso painted a work of monumental dimensions, then entitled “ The Brothel of Avignon“, with which he baffled friends and rivals, including many avant-garde artists already accustomed to experimentation and innovation. Oil on canvas, Museum of Modern Art, New York Pablo Picasso: “Girl with a Mandolin (Fanny Tellier)”, 1910.Pablo Picasso – Girl with a Mandolin Fanny Tellier – 1910 – Museum of Modern ArtĬubism: Georges Braque: “La guitare (La Mandore)”, 1909-10.
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